Moracea is a large family comprising about sixty genera and nearly 1400 species, including important group such as artocarpus, morus, and ficus. Artocarpus altilis breadfruit seeds throughoutthe pacific, breadfruit exhibits great morphological variability, ranging from true seedless varieties to those with several small aborted seeds, or one to a few viable seeds, to varieties with numerous viable seeds. Breadfruit artocarpus altilis parkinson fosberg is a traditional staple crop grown for its starchy fruit throughout the tropics. Breadfruit flour is much richer than wheat flour in lysine and other essential amino acids. This tree grows in both seeded and seedless forms, with the commonly marketed. Breadfruit species national tropical botanical garden. Seeded breadfruit naturalized in the caribbean is not a. Artocarpus mariannensis is endemic to micronesia and is hybridized with the derivatives of artocarpus camansi reported by men when they arrived on these islands ntbg, 2009. Shivamurthy, department of studies in botany, university of mysore, mysore, india. Moraceae is commonly referred to as breadfruit as it is similar to freshly baked bread. Jstor is part of ithaka, a notforprofit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways.
Effects of artocarpus altilis on the histology of aorta and liver. The immature, mature, and ripe breadfruit may be incorporated into a variety of food uses. We have established that the seeded breadfruit grown in the caribbean is in fact artocarpus camansi blanco, recognized as a seeded wild ancestor of the domesticated breadfruit, and not a seeded variety of artocarpus altilis synonym artocarpus incisa as established by duss, still often referred to by modern authors. Zorn fosberg is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus artocarpus family moraceae. All parts flesh, peel, core, and seeds of edible mature and ripe fruits including the leaves of the breadfruit tree are fed to livestock 2. The following are the supplementary data to this article. Starr1106276772artocarpus altilishabit with kim conducting little fire ant wasmannia auropunctata surveywaiheemaui 24979219922. Breadfruit, artocarpus altilis breadfruit, artocarpus altilis starch staple of pacific islands, s yrs. Scientific evidence regarding the antiinflammatory effect of. Department of pharmaceutics, national college of pharmacy, manassery, calicut abstract. Artocarpus altilis abfaloverview eppo global database. Breadfruit artocarpus altilis is a species of flowering tree in the mulberry and jackfruit family believed to be a domesticated descendant of artocarpus camansi originating in new guinea, the maluku islands, and the philippines.
A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Research on the chemical constituents of breadfruit has isolated several classes of compounds such as various triterpenes and flavonoids. Artocarpus is a genus of approximately 60 trees and shrubs of southeast asian and pacific origin, belonging to the mulberry family, moraceae. Artocarpus altilis, artocarpus incisa breadfruit artocarpus communis george holtonthe national audubon society collectionphoto researchers learn about this topic in these articles. Providing added value to local uses of paparahua artocarpus altilis.
Systematics and species limits of breadfruit artocarpus, moraceae. Breadfruit or artocarpus altilis, is an indonesian native plant traditionally used for the treatment of various disease including inflammatoryrelated diseases such as arthritis, tumors, pain, gastritis and atherosclerosis. Artocarpus altilis parkinson fosberg breadfruit subordinate taxa. This manual was prepared to provide longterm support for that training and to facilitate the extension of the training beyond the small group that was exposed to the workshop. Although rich in calories, breadfruit boasts several impressive health. Moraceae of north america update, database version 2011 acquired. Artocarpus altilis on integrated taxonomic information system. In jamaica, the flour is boiled, sweetened, and eaten as porridge for breakfast.
Pdf this is one of over 20 crop monographs that resulted from a project funded by bmz, germany and coordinated by ipgri. Artocarpus altilis at encyclopedia of life artocarpus altilis at national center for biotechnology information. Effects of methanol extract of breadfruit artocarpus altilis. An evergreen tree 1215 m up to 21 m, breadfruit tends to have a denser, more spreading canopy than artocarpus camansi. Pdf breadfruit, artocarpus altilis parkinson fosberg. It is a mediumsize evergreen tree typically reaching 825 m 2682 ft in height that is easily recog. The leaf and bark parts of artocarpus altilis were collected from mysore district of karnataka, india, and subsequently identified by dr. Soft or overripe breadfruit is best for making chips and these are being manufactured commercially in trinidad and barbados.
There are about 100 cultivars or varieties of the species a. A popular tropical staple, breadfruit artocarpus altilis is an excellent source of important nutrients such as vitamin c, potassium, thiamine, pantothenic acid, vitamin b6, magnesium and niacin, dietary fiber and potent antioxidants with wonderful therapeutic properties. Breadfruit artocarpus altilis is a traditional staple crop and an. Artocarpus altilis, artocarpus incisa breadfruit artocarpus communis george holtonthe national audubon society collectionphoto researchers learn about this. Volume 93 special issue 1, july 2016 international breadfruit conference 730 2016. Cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of artocarpus heterophyllus against a549, hela 7 cell lines sahil k. Kathal belonging to family moraceae is an integral part of common indian diet and is freely available in indian and adjoining continents, its medicinal properties. Basically artocarpus species consists of phenolic compounds which include flavonoids, stilbenoids, arylbenzofurons and jacalin, a lectin. Artocarpus altilis breadfruit sustainable agriculture. Artocarpus species, breadfruit, breadnut artocarpus altilis. Development of microsatellite loci in artocarpus altilis moraceae and crossamplification in congeneric species. Jackfruit artocarpus heterophyllus is one of the most sig nificant trees in tropical homegardens and perhaps the most widespread and useful tree in the important genus artocarpus.
Study on the antiinflammatory activity of artocarpus altilis. Scientific evidence regarding the antiinflammatory effect of a. Breadfruit is a versatile crop and the fruit can be cooked and eaten at all stages of maturity. Most species of artocarpus are restricted to southeast asia. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Breadfruit artocarpus altilis after being introduced to puerto rico and the virgin islands has become naturalized. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region the leaf contains the phenols quercetin and camphorol, plus gammaaminobutyric acid, which lowers the blood pressure. It was initially spread to oceania via the austronesian expansion. A source of highquality protein for food security and novel food products article pdf available in amino acids 474 january 2015 with 1,193 reads.
Artocarpus altilis, commonly known as breadfruit, is a tropical to subtropical evergreen tree of the mulberry family that typically grows with a spreading crown to 3050 less frequently to 80 tall. On jul 8, 2004, punaheledp from kailua, hi zone 11 wrote. The extracts ala, aba, alm, and abm did not cause any behavioural or physical changes in experimental. However, the breadnut and the breadfruit are separate species and hence the names artocarpus camansi and artocarpus artilis are given to them, respectively biale, 1964. Cgiarbreadfruit use and conservation aral7 ecoport aral7.
Three new prenylflavones from artocarpus altilis request pdf. Patel abstract research is focusing on the search for new types of natural chemotherapeutic agents derived from plants which are proving to be excellent sources of new compounds. Discussion the present study on in vitro antimicrobial activities of a. Artocarpus altilis, artocarpus communis, breadfruit. Safety evaluation of artocarpus altilis as pharmaceutical. Synonyms of artocarpus altilis are artocarpus communis and artocarpus incisus. However, being a tree of 10 30 m, breadfruit is vulnerable to wind damage.
This study was designed to elucidate the acute toxicity of artocarpus altilis leaf and bark extracts. Uses of artocarpus altilis in different regions of the world. Study on the antiinflammatory activity of artocarpus. It has long been recognized for its potential to alleviate hunger in the region. Artocarpus altilis plant finder missouri botanical garden. Cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of artocarpus. Artocarpus altilis parkinson fosberg the greatest diversity of seeded and fewseeded cultivars is found in the eastern solomon islands and vanuatu, and it was probably in the santa cruz and possibly. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. The university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. Uses of the fruit of breadfruit tree artocarpus altilis in. The histology of liver slide showed marked portal congestion, severe periportal cellular infiltration by mononuclear cells, and mild diffuse vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes figure 6, while aorta from hc rats revealed large focal area of myofibril necrosis with severe hemorrhages and fibrous connective tissue laid. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of artocarpus altilis on. Ragone, diane, artocarpus altilis breadfruit, dins elevicth, craig r.
Artocarpus altilis in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The breadfruit is a fast growing tree, reaching up to 80100 ft in height. Department of food science and technology, faculty of agriculture, university of ruhuna. Breadfruit propagation merging plant tissue culture technology and traditional grafting. Have twice had neighbors with these trees and think them very attractive with the large leaves as palmbob described. Artocarpus camansi has often been considered to be a form of seeded breadfruit, artocarpus altilis. The breadfruit is fast growing tree, reaching up to 80100 ft in height, with a trunk up to 6 ft in diameter, though some varieties are smaller. Artocarpus altilis is an evergreen tree growing to 18 m 59ft by 18 m 59ft at a fast rate. Nutraceutical and medicinal value of breadfruit artocarpus altilis parkinson fosberg. This species is one of the most common trees planted in agroforestry systems in the pacific islands, but it is also an important starchy staple crop in oceania, india, africa, and the west indies orwa et al. Dec 08, 2015 a popular tropical staple, breadfruit artocarpus altilis is an excellent source of important nutrients such as vitamin c, potassium, thiamine, pantothenic acid, vitamin b6, magnesium and niacin, dietary fiber and potent antioxidants with wonderful therapeutic properties. The samples were thoroughly washed under running water to remove adhering dirt and other foreign particles from the. Fosberg, moraceae, is a native tree of southeast asia introduced to south america at the beginning of the 19th century.